Which of the following is a care consideration for a patient with congestive heart failure?

• A. Low-sodium diet, fluid restriction, light activity, and take your time with care
• B. High-sodium diet
• C. No activity
• D. Increase fluids

Answer: (A)

Managing congestive heart failure centers on controlling fluid status and conserving energy so the heart doesn’t work harder than it has to. A plan that combines a low-sodium diet, fluid restriction, light activity, and taking time with care fits this approach well. Limiting salt helps prevent fluid buildup and edema because sodium makes the body retain water. Keeping fluids in check reduces excess circulating volume, which eases breathing and swelling. Gentle, ongoing activity supports circulation and helps prevent deconditioning, without overtaxing the heart. Taking things slowly and pacing activities protect energy levels and reduce dizziness or fatigue, making daily tasks safer and more doable.

Choosing a high-sodium diet would worsen fluid retention and edema. No activity leads to rapid deconditioning and can worsen fatigue, while increasing fluids would worsen edema and symptoms like shortness of breath.